Florida Experience • High-Volume Ambulatory Infusion Network • Retrospective Utilization Analysis
Vivo Infusion analyzed de-identified operational data from its Florida ambulatory infusion centers to characterize how advanced neuroimmunology therapies are being delivered in outpatient settings. Across a 12-month period, Florida centers delivered 3,221 outpatient treatment encounters spanning 11 advanced therapies and four therapeutic categories, while the broader Vivo network delivered 16,205 outpatient encounters for neurodegenerative disease therapies.
FINDINGS BACKGROUND METHODS RESULTS CONCLUSION REFERENCES
Outpatient neuroimmunology treatment encounters, across 11 therapies and 4 categories.
Outpatient treatment encounters for neurodegenerative disease therapies.
How the two figures relate. The Florida figure counts every encounter across all 11 therapies and 4 categories delivered at Florida ambulatory infusion centers. The network-wide figure counts neurodegenerative therapies only, delivered across all Vivo locations in the same 12-month period, and is inclusive of the 2,017 neurodegenerative encounters delivered in Florida.
The two figures on one scale
In 2011, Foley and Dunne described neurologic infusion site-of-care patterns in which 55% of therapies were delivered in physician offices, 39% in hospital-based settings, and only 6% in freestanding ambulatory infusion centers.1 Their findings pointed to the potential of alternative infusion models to improve patient access, continuity of care, and provider collaboration, though adoption remained limited at the time.
Where neurologic infusions were delivered in 2011
Over the past decade, ambulatory infusion centers have expanded considerably, driven by demand for cost-effective, patient-centered care, payer-driven site-of-care optimization, and the growing availability of advanced biologic therapies and long-acting injectable treatments.2
The shift has been especially visible in neuroimmunology, where increasingly complex treatment pathways require specialized clinical oversight, multidisciplinary collaboration, and coordinated longitudinal care. As treatment complexity has grown, ambulatory infusion centers have moved beyond infusion delivery to provide patient education, clinical monitoring, and integrated care coordination — reinforcing their role as specialized extensions of neurologic practice.
As advanced neuroimmunology therapies continue to expand in complexity and volume, understanding how ambulatory infusion centers are adapting to deliver these treatments has become increasingly important for informing future models of specialty neurologic care.
To characterize utilization patterns of advanced neuroimmunology therapies across Florida ambulatory infusion centers, and to describe how specialized outpatient infusion models are supporting access to complex neurologic care while demonstrating the scalability of a high-volume ambulatory infusion network.
A retrospective analysis of de-identified operational data collected over a continuous 12-month period, January through December 2025. No protected health information was accessed or reported.
The primary quantitative analysis used data from Florida ambulatory infusion centers, covering therapies for central nervous system demyelinating diseases, autoimmune neuromuscular disorders, hereditary transthyretin-mediated polyneuropathy, and neurodegenerative diseases. To describe scalability beyond a single region, network-wide Vivo utilization data were added for neurodegenerative therapies.
Data came from multiple ambulatory infusion centers representing geographically diverse markets, and included both intravenous and long-acting injectable therapies administered in outpatient settings. Primary measures were therapeutic category utilization, regional distribution of treatment volume, site-of-care patterns, and growth in outpatient neuroimmunology services.
De-identified operational data. No protected health information accessed or reported.
A continuous 12-month period, January through December 2025.
Therapies administered across Florida ambulatory infusion centers at multiple locations.
Intravenous and long-acting injectable therapy in outpatient settings; 11 therapies, 4 categories.
Network-wide neurodegenerative utilization evaluated to describe scalability.
Ordered by Florida encounter volume. The same color identifies each category throughout this page.
Each dot is one therapy. Eleven in total.
During the 12-month study period, Florida ambulatory infusion centers delivered 3,221 outpatient neuroimmunology treatment encounters across 11 advanced therapies representing four major therapeutic categories.
Florida encounters by therapeutic category
Treatment encounters, January – December 2025. Neurodegenerative diseases account for 63% of Florida encounters.
Neuroimmunology portfolio summary
| Therapeutic category | Therapies | Florida encounters | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurodegenerative diseases | 2 | 2,017 | |
| Autoimmune neuromuscular disorders | 5 | 754 | |
| CNS demyelinating diseases | 3 | 419 | |
| Hereditary transthyretin-mediated polyneuropathy | 1 | 31 | |
| Florida total | 11 | 3,221 | |
Contributing Florida sites
Four ambulatory infusion centers across the state contributed to the Florida analysis, spanning the northeast coast, the Orlando metropolitan area, and the Treasure Coast.
Across the broader Vivo ambulatory infusion network, neurodegenerative disease therapies accounted for 16,205 outpatient treatment encounters during the same period, describing the scale at which ambulatory infusion services support emerging neurologic therapies.
Regional utilization patterns varied by therapeutic category, which may reflect differences in referral networks, disease prevalence, and adoption of emerging therapies. Growth in outpatient treatment volume reflects the expanding capacity of ambulatory infusion centers to deliver high-acuity neurologic therapies alongside standardized clinical workflows, multidisciplinary collaboration, and coordinated outpatient care.
This Florida experience describes the expanding role of ambulatory infusion centers in delivering advanced neuroimmunology therapies across multiple disease states. During the study period, Florida centers delivered more than 3,200 outpatient treatment encounters across immune-mediated and neurodegenerative neurologic conditions, while the broader Vivo network provided more than 16,000 outpatient treatment encounters for neurodegenerative disease therapies alone.
As care continues shifting toward outpatient settings, ambulatory infusion networks are becoming integral extensions of neurologic practice — improving access to specialized therapies, strengthening multidisciplinary collaboration, and supporting standardized care delivery. Understanding utilization patterns across therapeutic categories and geographic markets may help inform workforce planning, operational scalability, referral optimization, and future strategies for improving equitable access to advanced neuroimmunology services.
This is a retrospective analysis of de-identified operational data. It describes utilization, capacity, portfolio breadth, and site of care. It does not measure clinical outcomes, treatment efficacy, safety endpoints, or comparative effectiveness, and no such conclusions should be drawn from it. Encounter counts reflect operational records rather than a prospectively defined patient cohort, and regional patterns may not generalize to other markets.
Vivo Infusion delivers advanced neuroimmunology therapies in outpatient centers nationwide. Refer a patient, or contact the study authors with questions about this analysis.
Refer A Patient Email The Study Contact
Gabriela Brito, DNP, AACRN, DNS-CT
gbrito@vivoinfusion.com
Our mission is to provide clinically exceptional, compassionate, convenient, and cost-effective infusion care to improve the health of our patients in partnership with their physicians.
Our vision is to set the nationally recognized standard for the delivery of innovative therapeutics in a patient-friendly environment.
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