Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS)

Understanding Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS)

Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by a gradual and continuous worsening of neurological function from the onset, without distinct relapses or remissions. PPMS is a subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord, leading to nerve damage and impaired communication between the brain and body.

PPMS differs from relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in that symptoms steadily progress over time, rather than occurring in distinct attacks followed by recovery periods. It typically develops later in life and may result in significant mobility challenges and disability progression.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Motor Symptoms:

• Muscle Weakness: Gradual loss of strength, often affecting the legs first.
• Spasticity: Muscle stiffness or involuntary spasms, making movement difficult.
• Difficulty Walking (Gait Impairment): Reduced balance, foot drop, or frequent falls.

Neurological Symptoms:

• Numbness and Tingling: Altered sensations in the arms, legs, or face.
• Chronic Pain: Neuropathic pain due to nerve damage.
• Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction: Increased urgency, incontinence, or constipation.

Cognitive and Fatigue Symptoms:

• Cognitive Impairment: Difficulty with memory, concentration, and problem-solving.
• Severe Fatigue: Persistent exhaustion, even after rest.

Speech and Vision Problems:

• Blurred or Double Vision: Inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis).
• Slurred Speech: Difficulty articulating words clearly.

This information is provided as a resource and is not intended to diagnose a condition or prescribe treatment. If you notice any of these symptoms or have concerns about your health, please consult your physician.