Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (GPA)

Understanding Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener’s granulomatosis, is a rare autoimmune vasculitis that causes inflammation of small to medium-sized blood vessels. This inflammation primarily affects the lungs, kidneys, and upper respiratory tract, leading to the formation of granulomas (clusters of inflammatory tissue) and subsequent organ damage. Without timely treatment, GPA can become life-threatening due to complications such as respiratory failure, kidney failure, or other systemic issues.

Common Signs and Symptoms of GPA:

• Respiratory Issues:

  • Persistent cough, shortness of breath, or coughing up blood.
  • Sinusitis or chronic nasal congestion, sometimes with blood-stained nasal discharge.

• Renal Involvement:

  • Signs of kidney dysfunction, which may include blood in the urine (hematuria) or proteinuria.

• General/Systemic Symptoms:

  • Fatigue, fever, and unexplained weight loss.
  • Joint pain or muscle aches.

• Other Symptoms:

  • Inflammation and tenderness in affected areas.
  • In some cases, skin lesions or rashes may be present.

This information is provided as a resource and is not intended to diagnose a condition or prescribe treatment. Please discuss any symptoms you may exhibit with your physician.