Cytokine Release Syndrome

Understanding Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)

Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) is a systemic inflammatory response that occurs when the immune system releases large amounts of cytokines into the bloodstream. This condition is commonly associated with immunotherapies, such as CAR-T cell therapy and monoclonal antibody treatments, but can also develop in response to infections, including severe viral or bacterial infections. If left untreated, CRS can cause life-threatening organ dysfunction.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Cytokine Release Syndrome

Flu-Like Symptoms:

• Fever: High temperature, often the first sign of CRS.
• Chills: Uncontrollable shaking or shivering.
• Fatigue: Persistent tiredness and weakness.

Inflammatory Symptoms:

• Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Can lead to dizziness, fainting, or shock.
• Rapid Heart Rate (Tachycardia): Increased heart rate due to systemic inflammation.
• Difficulty Breathing: Shortness of breath or low oxygen levels due to lung inflammation.

Neurological Symptoms:

• Confusion or Disorientation: Difficulty thinking clearly, memory issues.
• Headaches: Persistent or severe head pain.
• Seizures: In severe cases, CRS can trigger seizures.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms:

• Nausea and Vomiting: Can occur due to systemic inflammation.
• Diarrhea: Increased frequency of bowel movements.
• Loss of Appetite: Reduced desire to eat due to illness.

This information is provided as a resource and is not intended to diagnose a condition or prescribe treatment. If you notice any of these symptoms or have concerns about your health, please consult your physician.